On display they are indeed converted to pixels, and any screenshot you’d take would still be raster. That screenshot you’d zoom in and get blurriness and everything associated with regular raster images.
But a vector image you can ask it to draw on a 4K screen and it will be as precise as that screen allows. You can zoom in and it will redo the drawing as precise as the screen can at the zoomed level. Kinda like how if you’re asked to draw a 5” square vs a 20” square, the 20” square drawing won’t have the imperfections 4x the size of the imperfections of the 5” square, but the same size instead.
Isn’t that more expensive to compute? Yes, yes it is, though the image is only recomputed as you pan it around and zoom into it, and that’s not happening at 60 or 240 frames a second or whatever. Plus even if it were modern GPUs are blazingly fast and a SVG is typically not even that big, perhaps 1-2MBs containing a few tens to hundreds of thousands of drawing instructions that are extremely simple.
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