I thought of this analogy recently that feels right at home for ELI5.
Turn on a lamp in a room, which is a little ways away from a wall. If you put your hand near the lamp, the shadow of your hand becomes very big. If you put your hand near the wall, the shadow will be almost the same size as your hand.
The same would happen with clouds. Clouds are very very close to the Earth, compared to the Sun. So when it’s sunny with some clouds, if you can see the shadow of the cloud on the ground, that’s pretty close to how big the cloud is.
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