Your brain isn’t one unified structure. It’s lots of different structures that are coordinating and doing lots of different stuff. There is even a part of the brain responsible for making you believe that your internal personality is in charge and in control of all of this stuff (in the frontal cortex, except it’s not really in charge).
Our ability to speak is associated with two areas of the brain, Broca’s area (talking to others) and Wernicke’s area (understanding when someone is talking to you).
Our ability to access specific memories is associated with the hippocampus and the temporal lobe.
Brain damage (everything from swelling to more permanent damage like cell death due to stroke or internal bleeding) to the temporal lobe can cause memory loss but still leave those two areas related to speech completely functional.
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