Two main reasons:
The first is that sodium chloride is the main molecule that you associate with the salty flavor and is the white crystals you and I associate as being “salt” and there’s usually plenty of that in there already. However, you can also have other sources of sodium that don’t necessarily taste salty. Many meats, fats and oils can be high in sodium without necessarily tasting salty. Monosodium glutamate ( You might know as MSG) for example doesn’t taste salty so much as it tastes savory. This is despite it being composed, mostly of sodium.
The other reason is that when you lump in a bunch of flavors together, then each of the flavors get less “loud”. A great example is soda. There’s actually a surprising amount of salt inside soda. So much so that if you removed all of the other ingredients and just tasted the water and the salt together, you would probably not like the taste. However, there’s so much sugar and other additives in soda that it disguises the flavor of the salt.
To add to some of the others: saltiness levels are also an acquired taste. Different regions have grown up with different levels of exposure to salt and have become accustomed to that in their food.
The way that fast food companies formulate their products is also to blame. Take a potato chip as an example. They basically get a focus group from the region and feed them samples where the levels of salt and/or sugar are continually dialed up right to the point the focus group tells them it’s too much for their taste. Then they dial it back one notch and people love it…
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