How did Great Britain have so much power and influence considering how small it is? How did they manage to colonise the entirety of India so easily?
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Ships are good for transporting things other people want to buy. Britain is small, but it has a lot of stuff for making ships. That means they made many ships and those many ships could transport the stuff people want to buy, so Britain got so much money that they became rich.
When you are rich, people want to be nice to you, so they will listen to what you have to say and do as you want them to do. That gives you power.
India was colonized very easy because instead of one guy being in charge of the whole country a bunch of guys had their own kingdoms and clubhouses, and these guys agreed to let Britain use their many ships to sell their cool stuff like silk, tea and spices.
Since Britain was very powerful, all these guys got rich from trading their stuff so they let Britain do as it wanted, and after many years, Britain was ruling the Indian colonies because India was not united against Britain.
Piece by piece Britain got more control of India until they controlled all of it.
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