As others have already mentioned the timing mechanism in the engine I wanna throw another solve some engineers realized between the wars
Since the drive in the inline engines, used more by 1930’s, didn’t need to be a solid axel to turn the propeller designer found that through a little engineering they could make an empty cylinder wide enough to fit a canon through the engine itself
This was used extensively be the Germans during WW2 most prevalent on the famous BF-109 (not ME-109 you dirty yanks!!)
The gun was harder to maintain but it gave a big cannon a solid centerline aim without sorting to using an engine on each side
Engineers(or other people in the know) can correct if my description of the internals are off
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