If I look into the sky and I see two yellow dots it’s all stars for me. Then I hear one of them is mars and I’m like „ok, still looks the same“. How did the people hundred of years ago discover what’s a close planet and what’s a far away star?
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Planets move across the sky in the same plane as each other. If someone is paying attention night over night, they will see something moving across the sky with a rhythm. They make lenses capable of looking closer at these objects, and look! It’s different than the other ones. Could be something like the moon.
And then it took a while to figure out if the earth or the sun was the centre of rotation.
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