How did they do graphics in old movies?

Question

I recently watched “Citizen Kane” from 1941. The whole thing has graphics (credits, flashbacks and flash forwards.) Did they use computers?

Edit: it also had those graphics fade in/out.

In: Technology

Answer 1

No. There were not practical computers that could operate on images in 1940 (or 1950 or 1960 for that matter, Lenna (the first widely known computer image file) was produced in 1973).