When we first came across pockets of gases underground, what did the process of us actually recognizing these things look like? Did we know what to look for?
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Helium was not discovered on earth. It was discovered in the sun (the name is from the Greek for sun). It was discovered from the spectral lines it produces. When light shines through a gas certain parts of the spectrum of are reduced or increased. These are specific to each gas. We knew what the lines were for hydrogen and it was noticed there were lines that didn’t match hydrogen’s so there was another element in the sun.
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