Sorry if the flair tag is wrong, but as the title suggests, how do archaeologists find fragile items like these without damaging them? At first I thought they would need shovels or heavy equipment to get below the surface, this however seems like a risky method. Do they find the fragments then later piece them together? Do they use tiny tools and those little brushes all the way down to the extraction point?
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The digging that is done where you expect to find something is very carefully done. You dig by and with small tools of the type you would use to plant a flower. If the material is soft the right tool might be a brush.
Look at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x9pGbpIPU-Y
Realy fragile objects can be removed by you dig around them and removing them with the dirt around them. You might reinforce the dirt with a plaster cast just like with a broken bone. The object is then separated from the dirt in a lab. You do that with a lot of care and the tool will be similar to the one used in dentistry.
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