Black holes have so much mass that you need to exceed the speed of light to escape their gravity well.
On earth, we need to accelerate a craft to over 11.2km/s to escape the pull of the planet’s gravity.
Light travels just under 300,000km/s. The escape velocity is faster than that, and so, nothing comes back out because that 300,000km/s is the universe’s speed limit as we know and understand it.
Light just travels in a straight line following the curvature of space-time. That curvature is so great beyond the event horizon that it may as well be twisted into a knot. Light follows that curve and gets “stuck”.
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