Its called “gravity” . Gravity is the force that keeps you drawn to the earths surface, the planets in orbit around the sun and its what causes objects to be pulled towards black holes.
Black holes are literally so massive that they are crushed by their own gravity to the point that they are incredibly small , dense balls of matter.
Best simplistic way I know to put it
Using the theory of relativity, you can think of spacetime as being a fabric and you can think of gravity as being a bend in this fabric. One way to visualize it is think of a surface like a trampoline. If nothing is on the trampoline the fabric is flat. If you place an object on the trampoline, it will begin to bend the fabric and create a depression on the surface. Other smaller objects on the trampoline will be attracted to the larger object and roll towards it. Think about throwing marbles on the trampoline, then you yourself getting on and sitting in the middle. All the marbles will roll towards you. Because you are denser and have more mass than the marbles, they’ll be attracted and go towards the bend you are creating in the trampoline’s surface.
A black hole is an object so dense that it bends this favric so much that it is impossible for anything to get out once it falls in. Going back to the trampoline example, think about taking something so heavy like a car and squeezing it down to the size of one of those marbles. If you place it in the middle of the trampoline, it will create a really deep bend in the fabric (assuming it doesn’t rip of course). Everything on the trampoline will fall towards this, including you probably if you were on.
From the side, it will look like there is a hole in the middle of the trampoline that everything is falling into. A black hole looks like a hole because even light can not escape it’s pull, so we can’t see what it actually looks like. But it is really an incredibly dense collection of mass that has an extremely strong gravitational pull.
The way I’ve come to see it after much time observing the nature of pressure is this:
Black ‘holes’ are the result if a sudden shift in the fabric of spacetime brought on by the collapse of an inconceivable heavy star that causes such abrupt negative pressure that matter surrounding the collapse is drawn to it, spinning about in such a way that the matter is torn apart to inconceivable tiny bits and distributed back into the universe.
Basically I think nothing is sucked into a hole, but rather spins wildly around a vacuum created by the abrupt shift in pressure brought on by the collapse of an immensely dense star.
In some sense a black hole is always an approximation unless we are the ones falling in. It takes infinite time for us to observe anything cross the event horizon. But we do see it slow down then become redshifted to invisibility fairly quickly. It’s just that information is never technically lost to us, only to the precision of our measuring apparatus, in finite time. It never crosses from our perspective.
This is because gravity causes time to happen more slowly relative to an external observer (the person in that field sees far sources experiencing faster time instead). The event horizon is the point at which this time to an external observer reaches 0. A mathematical asymptote.
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