The innermost part of the cd is the TOC (table of contents), that’s where all the track info are stored. The reader knows the exact position of each track by reading the TOC when you load a disc.
Machined CDs look different than CD-R because pits and lands are *actually* pits and lands engrooved on the CD plastic layer, whereas in CD-R this is simulated via a special resin coating that changes its reflectance when burnt by the laser at certain temperatures.
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