How do chip design engineers make sure that there is no interference between different circuit modules due to electromagnetic fields, given that every circuit component is very close to each other?
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1. Electricity running through traces tends to be quite “sticky”. As a rule of thumb, separating signals by 20 times the distance between the layer with the signals, and ground, is far enough that they won’t interact. Given that modern boards have a decent few layers, that could be a very short distance.
2. Put more ground in places to stop signals from leaking out.
3. Simulations.
4. A lot of designers fail at this.
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