How do chip design engineers make sure that there is no interference between different circuit modules due to electromagnetic fields, given that every circuit component is very close to each other?
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Engineers use models and simulations to predict if there will be a conflict between small circuitry placed close together. Over time, they’ve refined these models to build computer software that not only can check for conflicts, but can also help place structures.
This is fairly complicated, and is part of why computers have a “clock speed” and can adjust the voltage of different components by tiny fractions of a volt. As you can imagine, just like cars on a road, there’s a certain “speed” that things are designed to operate at – too fast and you can start to have electrons jumping (tunneling) between lanes and causing all kinds of traffic accidents.
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