How does a new T-Mobile customer and Verizon customer not get the same number? Do companies share the same number generator? How can Apple systems tell a number doesn’t come from apple messager?
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Each country has an organization that manages phone numbers. A phone company says “we need a block of numbers”, and the organization says, “for $1000 you can have, 123-456-0000 through 123-457-9999”. Then, that company can give out numbers in that range; they just need to keep track, which they do anyway because they have to.
If someone wants to keep their number but move to a different company, then the companies talk to each other to transfer the number.
Most of the time there are rules about how many numbers you can buy, and if they can sell/trade numbers to other companies.
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