The long and short – They guess.
They may be well educated guesses based on things they dig up, documents they read, historical records – Photos, rock carvings, cave paintings etc, and other factors like the configuration of ruins etc. and a big factor would also be human nature – People aren’t all that different from years ago – We still eat, poop and sleep and usually do those things in separate places (usually).
Combine them all together… Educated guess. When more info becomes available, The image can be made clearer.
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