Principally, there are radiators and forced air.
In forced air, you have a furnace that’s either using electrical heating elements or burning fuel to heat some air, and then it’s pushing that hot air through vents to heat up the air in the rooms.
With radiators, instead of using air, the system uses a closed loop of water pipes. Water is pumped through the furnace which heats it up, and the water circulates through the closed piping loop throughout the house, and the radiators in the rooms shed some of this heat out through their fins into the air. From the radiators, some slightly less hot water returns to the furnace where it’s heated and sent out again.
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