There are many different types of hybrid systems which use different technologies. The common thing among them is that they have both an electric motor and an internal combustion motor. They typically have a similar type of battery as you would find in a fully electric vehicle. But it is smaller so the battery range is very short, and of a slightly different build which gives more power but less range. The battery in hybrid cars are just intended for short distances or to give a boost during heavy acceleration. It is not intended for a full drive, this is where the range of the petrol or diesel engine comes into play. This is also why there is no charging ports on most hybrid cars as the battery is quite small so you would not be able to charge it very much. The battery is just there to help the engine run more optimally giving you better fuel milage.
Of course there are exceptions to this. You can get plug-in hybrids as well. And some hybrids do have a descent range on the battery so you can get from your home to your work without using any fuel. Some hybrids are built more like a fully electric car but with a small engine to extend the range when needed. So there are all sorts of different things which fit into the hybrid car category.
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