How do people see the dress as Black/Blue when the RGB values shows that the color of the dress in the Image is a light purple and a brown ish color?
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Because it is a picture. If I take a picture of a dark room, you will see my chair is black or dark red. If I were to turn the lights on, you would observe an orange chair. These are two wildly different RGB values. You get similar results from any change in lighting.
The human brain is smart enough to look beyond such simplicities as ‘rgb values’ when observing an object. After all, we do not care if it is dark or light, or near sunset, we still conclude that the same apple is the same color.
By using context, we determine color with a complexity far beyond what a computer normally would.
In the case of the dress, the backlighting of the sun indicates two things. First, that the dress is in the shade. Second, that our eyes may be more saturated to red light. You know how color looks a bit wrong when you come in from a sunny day? That.
So, those of us that see a yellow and white dress assume that these are the original colors before those two effects.
Those of us that see a blue and black dress assume that those are the original colors.
Note that nobody thinks it is a light purple and brown color, because the context clues show us that this color would not make sense.
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