I understand that the wing of the plane creates downforce, lifting the plane into the air, so how do planes fly upside-down? Wouldn’t the wings start pushing the plane down into the ground once flipped?
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The shape of the wing, the dynamic pressure on the wing which is determined by velocity and air density (where velocity plays a bigger role), the surface area of the wing and the angle of attack create lift.
Jets have high velocity thrusts and computer controlled control surfaces that can dynamically alter wing surface profiles, angle of attacks as well as thruster directions to sustain flight even when inverted.
Air hits wing, air directed under wing gets pushed down, wing gets lift.
Air above wing creates a low pressure zone, can creature turbulence and eddies that add to drag.
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