They take in the CO2, and turn it into O2 that they release. That carbon is then used to essentially ‘build’ the plant. They are pretty much just air and water. But, there are still a lot of other things they somewhat need to still *grow*, and they usually get it from the soil. It’s why barren soil can’t really be used to grow plants, there’s just no nutrients.
You might see people ‘root’ a plant though by leaving it in water, but they don’t get everything they need from that water.
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