The sour of sourdough comes from lactobacilli bacteria that ferment sugars into lactic acid. Like most breads that rise, sourdough typically also has yeast in it. A sourdough starter is a stable culture of bacteria and yeast that contains the desired bacteria and yeast for sourdough, living off of flour and water – basically a very wet dough that you keep in a jar to maintain a source of bacteria and yeast. So it is very much alive, it has to be ‘fed’ periodically with new flour so that the bacteria and yeast will maintain a stable population.
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