Advertising and licensing.
Companies pay money to have their commercials aired with that money going towards the cost of producing the show. Producers can charge higher costs to advertise during popular shows with lots of viewers, providing a large incentive to make a hit show and replace unpopular ones.
From there, the producers can license the content to be sold/streamed elsewhere. Netflix, Hulu, Amazon, etc. all have to pay the producers for the right to stream their shows.
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