How do trees decide when and where their branches grow?
In: Biology
The answer to this is hugely complex and dependent on the species of tree among other things. The hobby/art of Bonsai is pretty much all about controlling where and how the branches on trees grow to produce an old looking tree in miniature. The vast majority of how this is done is around your question. Masters of the art have degrees in biology and spend 6+ years in apprenticeships as well as dedicating their life to learning how to do it efficiently. You can probably get an ELI5 for one specific species of tree but it will take 30+ minutes to explain it so not sure even that would be simple enough to qualify.
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