The full answer is pretty complicated, but the short version is that plants have hormones just like animals. They have growth hormones and the ability to sense light and the direction of gravity. Most plants try to grow towards light and against gravity. Many plants also grow more in the summer because they sense that the days are longer. There have been experiments done with plants kept in similar environments but with different durations of light, and it was found that you can cause certain plants to bloom depending on how long the lights are on.
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