Because Heat can only be transferred 3 ways. Conduction, convection, and radiation.
Conduction is heat transferred between two things that are directly touching. Convection is heat being transferred by air or a fluid moving, like wind blowing or ocean currents. And radiation, where heat is literally radiated out into space as infrared radiation.
The way we lose most of our heat is through a Mix of conduction and convection.
Air touches our skin and absorbs some of our heat (conduction). That air then gets blown away and replaced by new colder air to absorb more of our heat (convection.).
By wearing clothing you stop that second person from happening, the clothing holds the warm air close to your body and stops the wind from blowing it away and replacing it with colder air. Which helps keep you warm.
You do still lose some heat gradually, but by trapping the warm air inside a jacket you won’t lose the heat as fast.
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