The power grid is monitored by several groups. They are monitoring high level grid stability and availability. Like MISO or ERCOT. Then they have intermediaries that are more local and will dispatch orders and do the actual MegaWatt (MW) control to the various power plants. The generator is a huge electromagnet and the field is changed to make the spinning magnet (rotor) stronger or weaker and the steam or fuel to the turbine is adjusted to keep the speed at 3600rpm plus or minus a couple rpmM
Edit. Also, most of the generators are filled with nearly pure hydrogen. Just an interesting bit
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