Mostly with “staples”. These are crops that are easy to grow and store and deliver a large amount of energy. Rice, wheat, lentils, corn, soy, potatoes, etc. Rice is the MVP of staples and part of why so many people live in East Asia.
Compared to staples, the whole rest of agriculture is ornamental. Meat, dairy, fruits, green vegetables, etc. are tasty and contain important nutrients, but you can get surprisingly far on staples alone if you have to. Even in the modern Western diet, staples sneak in as breads for sandwiches, the base of a rice bowl, or a side of fried potatoes.
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