Calories are a unit of energy, specifically related to how much energy is required to raise the temperature of one ml of water by 1 degree C. Lots of things have calories, if we can digest them and liberate useable energy from them, often in the forms of fats, carbohydrates such as sugars and starches, and proteins.
The amount of calories per gram of protein is about 4, the same is true of carbohydrates, while fat has about 9 calories per gram. Calories in the dietary sense are a property of fats, proteins and carbs.
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