What I mean is what is it in DNA that a computer can compare and match with other samples of DNA?
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Depends on the database and the sort of measurements it collects. If you have extensive sequencing data (the sequence of A/T/C/G nucleotides that make up DNA) of different people, you can compare that in terms of % overall similarity. If you have less detailed data on short tandem repeats (bits in the genome that are copied a bunch of times in some people) or single nucleotide polymorphisms (somewhat like sequencing but focused on known hotspots of variation), you can assemble profiles out of that and compare those between people.
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