I think a video will do a better job than me
But I’ll give it my best shot
Essentially a transmission has 5 parts
Input shaft
Clutch
Shifters
Gears
Output shaft
You have two different contact points clutch, and gears
Your clutch will disconnect the input shaft from the gears
The gears are typically 2 shafts, one with drivnig gears and another with driven gears
The first one interacts with your input (engine) shaft through the clutch, and they interact with each other through gears, with the shifters selecting which gears come into contact, or no contact at all as in neutral
Your driven shaft is typically directly connected to the output shaft
All the gears are in contact all the time! But the gears are nor conected to the shafts all the time!
Thats the tricky part, your shifters are anchored to the shafts so they spin with them, but can slide up and down between gears freely with the use of a lever
With each lever position, a different combination of gears is engaged to both driving and driven shafts
Check this out
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