Heart transplant surgery involves a Bypass machine. A bypass machine takes over the functions of the heart that is being removed, allowing the surgeon to disconnect the heart one artery/vein at a time (and the nerves). While the bypass machine still has control, the new heart is implanted, all the plumbing and electricity reconnected. Only once all of that is complete is the bypass machine disconnected and the new heart allowed to take over the functions. This is, of course an over-simplified layman’s understanding of a process that takes years to learn how to perform, dozens of individuals and between 8 and 24 hours to actually perform, but it gets the point across
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