How does a manta ray and stingray produce electricity that’s harmful enough to stun prey?e
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I’ll go for a very general answer. So living creatures are kind of like biochemical machines, running a balancing act with thousands of different and extremely complicated chemical reactions at the same time. Chemical reactions are all about moving electrons around, and because of this, living things have many ways to generate, relocate and concentrate electric charge. Chemical batteries that we use in toys and devices do it in a rather simple way, while living creatures do it in a complicated way, but the very basic principle is the same. Electric fish have specialized organs with cells that can accumulate charge and discharge it when needed.
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