Most supercomputers aren’t really any “faster” than a high end pc. They can simply do more in the same amount of time.
It’s like a truck vs a car. Both can go similar speeds but the truck can do so much more each trip.
Also they aren’t constrained by the general nature of personal computers so their workloads can be highly optimised (ie someone could write something for a computer that simply distributed the workload across say 100 graphics cards) and that could be defined as a supercomputer even though no component is faster than your home pc).
Back in the day there was a military supercomputer that was just a bank of 1760 playstation 3’s.
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