Advertising on sites is handled through companies called “exchanges.”
Your personal information (location, interests, age range, gender, political leaning, etc.) is gathered by websites you visit and sold to exchanges.
Websites have sections where ads are displayed, and the ad to be displayed is chosen by the exchange based on the information that particular exchange knows about you (based on calculations about which ad you’re most likely to click).
Cookies are one of the ways websites keep track of you so that multiple visits to the same sites can be tied to you, allowing them to build up this profile of who you are over time.
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