It’s all by itself with no other machinery nearby and just goes up and down. What’s the processes here?
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A bore hole is drilled into the ground and a pipe is inserted into it. In a traditional oil rig an electric motor turns a piston pump that you see move up and down to draw oil out of the ground; this works if the oil and gas are in pockets of loose material in the ground but not rock. About 10 years ago, a technique called hydraulic fracturing was developed, colloquially known as hydrofracking or just fracking, which allowed companies to access oil and gas trapped inside porous rocks by pumping high pressure liquids into the rock to shatter it which freed up the oil and gas and allowed it to be pumped out.
There’s a significant difference between a derrick and a pump horse (pumpjack, Horse head pump, etc).
It pulls the oil up into a pipe that flows off to a reservoir. Down at the bottom of the well is a mechanism with two valves that alternate opening and closing with the up and down stroke, and this interaction creates a system that can pump the fluid from deep underground up to ground level.
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