I think other commenters summed up the total effect pretty well but I don’t think the mechanisms have really been talked about. Those little guys are actually smart enough to be able to produce enzymes that can deactivate antibiotics, make it so that the bacteria can’t enter in the first place (by changing the receptors they express on the cell surface), create efflux pumps to basically pump the antibiotics back out of the cell, or even change the target that the antibiotic was supposed to work on, making it useless when it does get into the cell
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