How does Cloudflare and other hosting services mitigate and/or prevent DDOS attacks?
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CloudFlare is a fancy Reverse Proxy server.
Basically, you never actually touch the web server. You only ever touch a CloudFlare edge server. That CloudFlare edge server requests the content from the web server on your behalf.
CloudFlare knows how much the host can handle, so if it thinks it’s going to start overwhelming the host, it slows down how quickly it sends those actual responses. It can either do this by showing you a page where it’s just waiting, or it can give you a CAPTCHA prompt to try and reduce bot activity.
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