How does computer store everything which is saved even after switching off?
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There are multiple levels of “switching off”.
Closing your laptop/putting to sleep: The RAM remains powered and the MCU is put into a low power mode. Everything is still on, it’s just using the minimum amount of power to maintain the state.
Hibernate: Saves needed RAM information to the hard drive and then cuts power to almost everything. When you turn it on again it loads the RAM from the hard drive.
Shutdown: Writes any stuff that was cached, but not yet save to the hard drive, and then cuts power to everything. The RAM is clear on reboot, but everything was closed down nicely.
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