There is a system to make a key without the server knowing the key called Diffie-Hellman. It works like mixing paint: You start with yellow paint, add your secret color (red) and send it to the other person. They start with yellow paint, add their secret color (blue) and send it to you. You add red, they add blue, and mix thoroughly. You both have the exact shade of brown. But the person in the middle who stole part of your paint, has red+yellow and blue+yellow, and they can’t use those to get the exact same red+blue+yellow that you both have, because they’ve got too much yellow.
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