I believe exercise damages much of your body in small doses which get stronger after rest. But doesn’t getting sick do the same thing? Shouldn’t you get stronger after getting sick? And if not why do extroverts live longer? Wouldn’t they be exposed to more illness and have decreased lifespan?
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The microtears your muscles sustain from hard exercise are more of a byproduct. They are not the reason your body gets stronger after exercise.
When you exercise, your body releases hormones. One of them is growth hormone. It tells your body to strengthen its muscles and other tissues. Growth hormone also changes your blood vessels. You can think of it as making your vascular system stronger/more efficient.
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