There is the rotational speed of a gear (Ex: 500 RPM) and the speed of cirumference (ex: 5 m/s)
2 gear with the same rotational speed, but different diameters will have different speeds at the circumference.
By meshing the gears, you are forcing these circumference speeds to be the same and therefore tje rotational speed will be different.
The teeth of meshing gears are always the same size, otherwhise they will not mesh correctly. Larger diameter gears therefore always have more teeth and the ratio between teeth will also determine the ratio between rotational speeds.
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