How does Google search the web in less than a second and return many results, but Windows File Explorer takes many seconds to search a relatively tiny amount of information?
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How fast or slow something loads depends on two things, the size of the file and the transfer speed. When searching for something on Google you don’t load up all the websites you are shown, you’re simply going through a catalog of websites or images. Search results are sectioned in pages so you don’t even load up that many to begin with, and only load up more in chunks as you search more. Google is a search engine so obviously their core operation is focused on making searches streamlined. Their data centers and servers are immense, using very expensive and very fast equipment, and for searches the process is refined to require the least amount of data, so when you’re making an initial google search google servers go through their lists internally, which happens near instantaneously, and then produces a list on your screen that’s no more than a few megabytes and that has no trouble coming up quickly on most internet connections.
When you’re searching through your computer though the computer has to load everything itself, which on older system or cheaper hard drives may take time. Usually it’s not so much the specific performance of a hard drive causing slow downs but rather a weaker system that is strained through many concurrent processes. Most people’s computers are filled with junk programs and files that stack on top of each other and this causes the computer to run slow, because when you’ve maxed out RAM or CPU usage and you’re asking of your computer to search for a bunch of files it’s simply bottlenecking at other points and it takes time to sort that out and give you your results. Well running computers with updated operating systems and clean of junk with their systems not strained by other processes are not that slow to bring up results.
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