At the start of the game the White player will choose a system. A set of moves and strategies for the opening. The Black player will choose a defense based off that system.
After leaving the opening each player examines the board and begins to plan a “line,” a series of moves designed to put them in a better position. The better the player is, the further ahead their line will be, and the more accurate their read on their opponent’s response will be.
At the same time each player is trying to guess the opponents line and tailor theirs in a way as to avoid falling in line with it.
Edit: Lines are why post game analysis is so entertaining. Rather than just be surprised and impressed by one move live, you can look back and see how that move came to be and at what point in the line the opponent was outplayed.
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