Your epidermis (the most outside/superficial portion of your skin) is made up of 4-5 layers of skin. You have specific cells (keratinocytes) which work their way up from the deepest layer (stratum basale) to the most superficial (stratum corneum). As they work upwards, they produce keratin, which is a hard substance that protects your whole body from bacteria and scrapes. By the time these cells hit the stratum corneum, the keratinocytes are dead and filled with keratin.
It’s these dead cells/keratin that flakes off.
The human skin is continuously regenerating itself and the older outer skin sheds off cell by cell pretty much and that mixes with other small amounts of plant pollen, human and animal hairs, textile fibers, paper fibers, minerals from outdoor soil and other local particles making what we would call dust. Human skin is just one component of it.
Very little of our skin actually flakes off to become dust, most of it being washed away in water
The skin flakes that do fall are too small to be seen, mixing with other airborne contaminants such as dandruff, insect waste, sand and dirt. Sometimes other contaminants such as Pollen, depending on what’s floating around the atmosphere at the time. Honestly if you got hayfever and the such, clean the dust (preferrably with a gas mask and such), that might help
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