I could explain the second part. pH is basically the degree of acidity of something, not to be confused with its twin brother pOH which is the degree of alkalinity. The pH or pOH “scale” goes from zero to fourteen and the lower the number the higher the acidity or alkalinity (depending on the scale) so lets say theres an acid with a 4 pH, then it would be considered relatively acidic, if you would want to put it on the pOH scale it would be at a 10. And the completely neutral point is at a 7.
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