Does it make your knees “springier” or something?
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A lot of the strain on your legs from jumping forward is reduced because once you’re already in motion you don’t have the strain from your jump that would otherwise be needed to propel you forward from a standing position
Newtons first law. An object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an opposing force.
Aside from differences in jumping technique, You are simply moving faster laterally when you go airborne, so naturally you would travel a further distance in the air before you land, even while jumping the same height.
Jumping is moving up and forward.
By running you give yourself going forward motion.
Also yes, parts of your legs are also springier.
Of special note is the tendon in your ankles. You force down on that like a spring to give yourself more up motion.
Physics works in straight lines. The time you spend in the air after you jump is going to be very consistent. Even if you jump straight up, or at a 45 degree angle. Jumping at an angle will just decrease how high you jump. So, if you’re able to run at a speed that’s faster than the speed you jump upwards you’re going to jump further.
Momentum which you gain by running is used to flung you farther.
Same if you want to jump higher.
d=sin(2θ)v²/g
d is the distance travelled in the air assuming you’re jumping on a perfectly flat surface.
θ is the jumping angle.
v is the initial velocity.
g is acceleration due to gravity.
Squared variable tend to have a very large affect on equations thus increasing your initial velocity (v) has the greatest affect on the distance (d).
Because your sideways velocity is combined with your vertical velocity. It doesn’t meaningfully affect your veritical velocity, but since you’re already moving laterally when you leave the ground you go further before you land.
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