Basically soap molecules are divided into 2 parts
(1) : hydrophylic head part that sticks on to the water molecules and
(2) : hydro phobic tail that sticks to oil in your skin .
The hydrophobic end surrounds and stick to the oils and dirt containing the bacteria and the hydrophilic end sticks to running water thus removing contaminants from your hand. The rubbing of hands and between fingers will loosen up the dirt and help the soap in acting better.
Antibacterial soap might also take part in killing bacteria while removing them as well . But in both cases the result is kinda same , they both wash off contaminents.
Its pretty brutal actually, just on a very small scale. Soap molecules have one end that likes to bond with water and one end they really doesn’t and tends to bond with lipids (fats, oils). Thats why soap works to wash oily substances off. But at the same time it means that when you have soap and water in a mixture with a virus it bonds on one end to water while the other is avoiding water. Little groups of these form and permeate the mixture, while the edges are avoiding water. What do they find instead? The lipid envelopes of a lot of viruses and bacteria. The hydrophobic end attaches to those envelopes and the virus or bacteria is literally ripped apart.
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