Air is a mixture of gases: nitrogen, air, some other stuff….and water. The water in air is in a gas state and is called water vapor.
The amount of water vapor that can be held by air depends on the temperature and the amount of water vapor already on the air.
Air in the desert is hot and dry (very little water vapor already in the air, and the air can take more water.). Air in a spring rainstorm is cold and wet or clammy (air is almost “full” of water and can’t hold any more.)
If you put a wet sheet out in hot dry desert air, the air will absorb the water in the sheets as a gas, and the sheet will dry quickly. If you put a wet sheet out in a spring rainstorm, it won’t dry (even if it’s shielded from the rain) because the air can’t accept any more water vapor.
As far as other materials soaking up liquid water – that’s just a function of how much space there is in between the solid bits of material and whether the structure of the solid allows the water in.
A sponge has lots of empty space (holes) between the solid bits, and those holes are all connected….so a sponge will soak up lots of liquid.
Glass has no holes between the solid bits…:so it won’t soak up any liquid. Glass is impervious.
Wood and paper also have lots of space in their internal structure and can soak up a fair amount of water.
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